Are Male Infertility and Prostate Cancer Related?

February 19th, 2025 by Fuad Elkhoury

The term “male infertility” almost always starts conversations about family building, but there’s one less-discussed—and arguably is worth the attention more—connection between the two concerns: male infertility and an increased risk for prostate cancer. Yep—you read that right. Now let’s look at how that works and why it should matter to all men, no matter the age.

Infertility and Prostate Cancer?

It might sound odd at first. After all, infertility and prostate cancer seem like two entirely separate issues. One involves difficulty conceiving children, while the other is about a potentially life-threatening disease. But research has shown there are more reasons to be aware of this specific connection than you’d expect.

Infertility increases the risk for men to develop prostate cancer, most specifically the dangerous types. One of those studies, published in 2019 by The BMJ, stated that infertile men had a 30% higher chance of developing prostate cancer after using IVF than men with normal fertility. That’s no coincidence—that’s a clue.

Importance of Prostate Exams:

First things first: before diving into the “why,” let’s talk about the prostate. It’s a small, walnut-sized organ that is key to male reproduction. Here, seminal fluid production occurs, allowing the nourishment and transportation of sperm.

Now, let’s imagine the worst-case scenario: prostate inflammation, hormonal imbalance, or genetic mutations. These problems may be related to disturbed sperm production and, simultaneously, an increased risk of cancerous changes. Sounds scary, right? That’s the reason to be serious about your health and not forget about regular prostate exams to sleep peacefully at night, knowing everything is fine and under control.

The Hormonal Link

One of the main connecting points between infertility and prostate cancer is hormones. Testosterone, the major male hormone, is the key aspect in linking reproductive health and prostate function.

Low levels of testosterone, commonly noted in infertile men, may indicate an underlying health issue related to hormonal imbalance or chronic inflammation. These factors may not only affect fertility but also provide a breeding ground for cancerous cells.

The Role of Genetics

Another piece of the puzzle lies in genetics. Some infertile men could be harboring genetic mutations that are shared by both poor sperm production and prostate health.

For instance, mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes—linked with an increased risk of breast cancer—have also been associated with prostate cancer. Think of it as a domino effect: a genetic mutation impacts sperm production and eventually creates complications for the prostate later in life.

Infertility as an Early Warning

The thing is, male infertility could be one of the very first warning signs of health problems to come, including prostate cancer.

Why? Because infertility is a very specific problem on its own. It’s more often a symptom of deeper health conditions—hormonal imbalances, inflammation, or even metabolic syndrome—that could affect the whole body. In this sense, infertility isn’t just about having kids; it’s a window into a man’s overall health.

What Can You Do About It?

If you have been suffering from infertility, don’t panic. The numbers may seem bleak, but as they say, if you want to conquer the animal, you have to know the animal. Here’s what you can do:

Get Yourself Tested

Discuss your reproductive and prostate health with your physician. Early detection of prostate issues, including cancer, is life changing.

Know Your Family History

If there is a history of prostate cancer in your family, inform your doctor. Genetic testing might be something to consider.

Lifestyle Modifications

A healthy diet, proper exercise, and avoiding smoking or excessive intake of alcohol help improve fertility and overall prostate health.

Pay Attention to Your Hormones

Most hormonal abnormalities can be treated with medication or lifestyle changes. There is no shame in discussing these with a specialist.

Now, Let’s Prevent It

The good news: most cases of prostate cancer are very treatable if caught early. Better yet, there are ways to lower your risk in the first place.

Consider a diet packed with antioxidants, such as colorful fruits and vegetables, nuts, and green tea. Some research suggests that certain nutrients—like lycopene—may help the prostate.

Regular exercise isn’t just good for your waistline, it’s also great for your prostate. Activities such as walking, swimming, or cycling improve circulation and reduce inflammation, both of which support prostate health.

A Final Thought

Besides the worst nightmares of some men not being able to procreate, male infertility has been scientifically identified as a potential alarm for prostate cancer. If you or someone you love is experiencing infertility, don’t dismiss it as merely a “phase.” Consider it an opportunity to start caring more about your overall health.

The link between infertility and prostate cancer reminds us that everything in the body is connected. When one system is out of balance, others can follow suit. But with the right care, early intervention, and lifestyle changes, you can take charge of your health and protect your future.

So, the next time you think about your reproductive health, remember: it’s about more than fertility—it’s about your life.